Methods for HIV modelling are developed by the UNAIDS Reference Group on Estimates, Modelling and Projections.Īll available data on HIV estimates are available at. Supported by UNAIDS, WHO and UNICEF these estimates are used to inform programme and policy decisions for HIV epidemic response. UNAIDS Estimates and Spectrum’s AIDS Impact ModelĮach year countries update their AIDS Impact Model in Avenir Health’s Spectrum software to develop the latest estimates for the HIV epidemic. Other indicators require data from population-based surveys and surveys focused on key populations at risk of HIV infection.įor more information, click here. Data consist of programmatic data for HIV prevention, testing and treatment. Annual submissions are reviewed and validated. In order to monitor the HIV response and progress towards achieving global goals, countries submit national and subnational data on a host of indicators to the Global AIDS Monitoring (GAM) system. For information on UNICEF’s programme and policy work, visit the Children & AIDS community of practice.ĭata sources + methodology Global AIDS monitoring 2023 Now, HIV infections are steadily spreading into lower-risk populations through transmission to the sexual partners of those most at risk. In Asia as a whole, HIV epidemics have long been concentrated in persons who inject drugs, sex workers and their clients, and men who have sex with men. In parts of Asia, HIV is transmitted more and more among heterosexual couples. In Eastern Europe and Central Asia, HIV epidemics that were once distinguished largely by transmission among persons who inject drugs are now increasingly characterized by significant sexual transmission. The epidemic is evolving, however, and transmission patterns are changing throughout the world. In most other regions of the world, HIV disproportionately affects persons who inject drugs, men who have sex with men and sex workers. In addition, infants born to mothers living with HIV are at risk of becoming infected if their mothers are not on effective treatment or retained in care. Current evidence in Southern Africa has identified sexual relationships between adolescent girls or young women and older men as a common HIV transmission route. The spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa is mostly through heterosexual relationships, both in the context of transactional and commercial sex and in longer-term relationships, including marriage. In 2022, sub-Saharan Africa accounted for approximately 66 per cent of people of all ages living with HIV and 85 per cent of children and adolescents living with HIV worldwide. Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Southern Africa, remains the region most heavily affected by the epidemic. The number of annual AIDS-related deaths among children has declined by about 80 per cent since its peak in 2002, while the number of annual AIDS-related deaths among those aged 10-19 has only decreased by 27 per cent since 2002. About 73 per cent of these preventable deaths occurred among children under 10 years old. However, the number of new HIV infections among adolescents (aged 10-19) has declined at a slower rate of about 47 per cent.Īn estimated 100,000 children and adolescents died from AIDS-related causes in 2022. One bright spot on the global horizon is the rapid decline of approximately 58 per cent in new HIV infections among children aged 0-9 since 2010 due to stepped-up efforts to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Nearly 85 per cent of these children live in sub-Saharan Africa. In 2022, around 130,000 children aged 0-9 were newly infected with HIV, bringing the total number of children aged 0-9 living with HIV to 930,000. Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha China, Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionĬhina, Macao Special Administrative Region

Most common route of hiv transmission